Acts › Constitution of IndiaConstitution of India 402 sections.
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Open in Lexace · Ask the AI Section 1 — Name and territory of the Union Section 2 — Admission or establishment of new States Section 3 — Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States Section 4 — Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, in Section 5 — Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution Section 6 — Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan Section 7 — Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan Section 8 — Rights of citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India Section 9 — Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State not to be citizens Section 10 — Continuance of the rights of citizenship Section 11 — Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law Section 12 — Definition Section 13 — Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights Section 14 — Equality before law Section 15 — Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth Section 16 — Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment Section 17 — Abolition of Untouchability Section 18 — Abolition of titles Section 19 — Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc Section 20 — Protection in respect of conviction for offences Section 21 — Protection of life and personal liberty Section 22 — Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases Section 23 — Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour Section 24 — Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc Section 25 — Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion Section 26 — Freedom to manage religious affairs Section 27 — Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion Section 28 — Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions Section 29 — Protection of interests of minorities Section 30 — Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions Section 31 — Posts and telegraphs; telephones, wireless, broadcasting and other like forms of communication Section 32 — Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part Section 33 — Power of Parliament to modify the rights conferred by this Part in their application to Forces, etc Section 34 — Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area Section 35 — Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this Part Section 36 — Definition Section 37 — Application of the principles contained in this Part Section 38 — State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people Section 39 — Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State Section 40 — Organisation of village panchayats Section 41 — Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases Section 42 — Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief Section 43 — Living wage, etc., for workers Section 44 — Uniform civil code for the citizens Section 45 — Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years Section 46 — Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections Section 47 — Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health Section 48 — Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry Section 49 — Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance Section 50 — Separation of judiciary from executive Section 51A — Fundamental duties Section 51 — Promotion of international peace and security Section 52 — Industries, the control of which by the Union is declared by Parliament by law to be expedient in the public interest Section 53 — Executive power of the Union Section 54 — Election of President Section 55 — Manner of election of President Section 56 — Term of office of President Section 57 — Eligibility for re-election Section 58 — Qualifications for election as President Section 59 — Conditions of President's office Section 60 — Oath or affirmation by the President Section 61 — Procedure for impeachment of the President Section 62 — Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of President and the term of office of person elected to fill cas Section 63 — The institutions known at the commencement of this Constitution as the Benares Hindu University, the Aligarh Muslim Univ Section 64 — The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States Section 65 — The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during th Section 66 — Election of Vice-President Section 67 — Term of office of Vice-President Section 68 — Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of Vice-President and the term of office of person elected to fil Section 69 — Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President Section 70 — Discharge of President's functions in other contingencies Section 71 — Matters relating to, or connected with, the election of a President or Vice-President Section 72 — Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases Section 73 — Extent of executive power of the Union Section 74 — Council of Ministers to aid and advise President Section 75 — Other provisions as to Ministers Section 76 — Attorney-General for India Section 77 — Conduct of business of the Government of India Section 78 — Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc Section 79 — Constitution of Parliament Section 80 — Composition of the Council of States Section 82 — Readjustment after each census Section 83 — Duration of Houses of Parliament Section 84 — Qualification for membership of Parliament Section 86 — Taxes on the capital value of the assets, exclusive of agricultural land, of individuals and companies; taxes on the cap Section 88 — Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses Section 89 — The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States Section 90 — Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman Section 91 — Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman Section 92 — The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration Section 93 — The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People Section 94 — Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker Section 95 — Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker Section 96 — The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration Section 97 — Salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker Section 98 — Secretariat of Parliament Section 99 — Oath or affirmation by members Section 100 — Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum Section 101 — Vacation of seats Section 102 — Disqualifications for membership Section 103 — Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members Section 104 — Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 or when not qualified or when disquali Section 105 — Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof Section 106 — Salaries and allowances of members Section 107 — Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills Section 108 — Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases Section 109 — Special procedure in respect of Money Bills Section 110 — Definition of “Money Bills” Section 111 — Assent to Bills Section 112 — Annual financial statement Section 113 — Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates Section 114 — Appropriation Bills Section 115 — Supplementary, additional or excess grants Section 116 — Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants Section 117 — Special provisions as to financial Bills Section 118 — Rules of procedure Section 119 — Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business Section 120 — Language to be used in Parliament Section 121 — Restriction on discussion in Parliament Section 122 — Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament Section 123 — Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament Section 124 — Establishment and constitution of Supreme Court Section 124B — Functions of Commission.––It shall be the duty of the National Judicial Appointments Commission to Section 124C — Power of Parliament to make law.––Parliament may, by law, regulate the procedure for the appointment of Chief Justice of Section 125 — Salaries, etc., of Judges Section 126 — Appointment of acting Chief Justice Section 127 — Appointment of ad hoc Judges Section 128 — Attendance of retired Judges at sittings of the Supreme Court Section 129 — Supreme Court to be a court of record Section 130 — Seat of Supreme Court Section 131 — Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court Section 132 — Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases Section 133 — Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to civil matters Section 134 — Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters Section 136 — Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court Section 137 — Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court Section 138 — Review of judgments or orders by the Supreme Court Section 139 — Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court Section 140 — Ancillary powers of Supreme Court Section 141 — Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts Section 142 — Enforcement of decrees and orders of Supreme Court and orders as to discovery, etc Section 143 — Power of President to consult Supreme Court Section 144 — Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court Section 145 — Rules of Court, etc Section 146 — Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court Section 147 — Interpretation Section 148 — Comptroller and Auditor-General of India Section 149 — Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General Section 150 — Form of accounts of the Union and of the States Section 151 — Audit reports Section 152 — Definition Section 153 — Governors of States Section 154 — Executive power of State Section 155 — Appointment of Governor Section 156 — Term of office of Governor Section 157 — Qualifications for appointment as Governor Section 158 — Conditions of Governor's office Section 159 — Oath or affirmation by the Governor Section 160 — Discharge of the functions of the Governor in certain contingencies Section 161 — Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases Section 162 — Extent of executive power of State Section 163 — Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor Section 164 — Other provisions as to Ministers Section 165 — Advocate-General for the State Section 166 — Conduct of Business of the Government of a State Section 167 — Duties of Chief Minister as respects the furnishing of information to Governor, etc Section 168 — Constitution of Legislatures in States Section 169 — Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States Section 170 — Composition of the Legislative Assemblies Section 171 — Composition of the Legislative Councils Section 172 — Duration of State Legislatures Section 173 — Qualification for membership of the State Legislature Section 177 — Rights of Ministers and Advocate-General as respects the Houses Section 178 — The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly Section 179 — Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker Section 180 — Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker Section 181 — The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration Section 182 — The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council Section 183 — Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Chairman and Deputy Chairman Section 184 — Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman Section 185 — The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration Section 186 — Salaries and allowances of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker and the Chairman and Deputy Chairman Section 187 — Secretariat of State Legislature Section 188 — Oath or affirmation by members Section 189 — Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum Section 190 — Vacation of seats Section 191 — Disqualifications for membership Section 193 — Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 188 or when not qualified or when disqual Section 194 — Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof Section 195 — Salaries and allowances of members Section 196 — Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills Section 197 — Restriction on powers of Legislative Council as to Bills other than Money Bills Section 198 — Special procedure in respect of Money Bills Section 199 — Definition of “Money Bills” Section 200 — Assent to Bills Section 201 — Bills reserved for consideration Section 202 — Annual financial statement Section 203 — Procedure in Legislature with respect to estimates Section 204 — Appropriation Bills Section 205 — Supplementary, additional or excess grants Section 206 — Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants Section 207 — Special provisions as to financial Bills Section 208 — Rules of procedure Section 209 — Regulation by law of procedure in the Legislature of the State in relation to financial business Section 210 — Language to be used in the Legislature Section 211 — Restriction on discussion in the Legislature Section 212 — Courts not to inquire into proceedings of the Legislature Section 213 — Power of Governor to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature Section 214 — High Courts for States Section 215 — High Courts to be courts of record Section 216 — Constitution of High Courts Section 217 — Appointment and conditions of the office of a Judge of a High Court Section 218 — Application of certain provisions relating to Supreme Court to High Courts Section 219 — Oath or affirmation by Judges of High Courts Section 220 — Restriction on practice after being a permanent Judge Section 221 — Salaries, etc., of Judges Section 222 — Transfer of a Judge from one High Court to another Section 223 — Appointment of acting Chief Justice Section 224 — Appointment of additional and acting Judges Section 225 — Jurisdiction of existing High Courts Section 227 — Power of superintendence over all courts by the High Court Section 228 — Transfer of certain cases to High Court Section 229 — Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts Section 231 — The Maharashtra Land Revenue Code, 1966 (Maharashtra Act 41 of 1966), sections 36, 36A and 36B Section 232 — The Maharashtra Land Revenue Code and the Maharashtra Restoration of Lands to Scheduled Tribes (Second Amendment) Act, 1 Section 233 — The Maharashtra Abolition of Subsisting Proprietary Rights to Mines and Minerals in certain Lands Act, 1985 (Maharashtra Section 234 — Recruitment of persons other than district judges to the judicial service Section 235 — Control over subordinate courts Section 236 — Interpretation Section 237 — Application of the provisions of this Chapter to certain class or classes of magistrates Section 239AB — Provision in case of failure of constitutional machinery Section 241 — High Courts for Union territories Section 243ZF — Continuance of existing laws and Municipalities Section 243Q — Constitution of Municipalities Section 243ZK — Election of members of board Section 243C — Composition of Panchayats Section 243ZT — Continuance of existing laws Section 243T — Reservation of seats Section 243U — Duration of Municipalities, etc Section 243ZO — Right of a member to get information Section 243B — Constitution of Panchayats Section 243J — Audit of accounts of Panchayats Section 243L — Application to Union territories Section 243ZL — Supersession and suspension of board and interim management Section 243F — Disqualifications for membership Section 243Z — Audit of accounts of Municipalities Section 243ZG — Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters Section 243N — Continuance of existing laws and Panchayats Section 243K — Elections to the Panchayats Section 243X — Power to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Municipalities Section 243A — Gram Sabha Section 243ZR — Application to multi-State co-operative societies Section 243D — Reservation of seats Section 243ZN — Convening of general body meetings Section 243ZM — Audit of accounts of co-operative societies Section 243ZH — Definitions Section 243W — Powers, authority and responsibilities of Municipalities, etc Section 243V — Disqualifications for membership Section 243P — Definitions Section 243ZJ — Number and term of members of board and its office bearers Section 243E — Duration of Panchayats, etc Section 243ZS — Application to Union territories Section 243ZI — Incorporation of co-operative societies Section 243R — Composition of Municipalities Section 243ZP — Returns Section 243S — Constitution and composition of Wards Committees, etc Section 243Y — Finance Commission Section 243G — Powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats Section 243H — Powers to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Panchayats Section 243 — Definitions Section 243ZQ — Offences and penalties Section 243ZE — Committee for Metropolitan planning Section 243ZA — Elections to the Municipalities Section 243ZD — Committee for district planning Section 243ZB — Application to Union territories Section 244 — Administration of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas Section 245 — Extent of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States Section 246 — Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States Section 247 — Power of Parliament to provide for the establishment of certain additional courts Section 248 — Residuary powers of legislation Section 249 — Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest Section 250 — Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to any matter in the State List if a Proclamation of Emergency is in opera Section 251 — Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament under articles 249 and 250 and laws made by the Legislatures of States Section 252 — Power of Parliament to legislate for two or more States by consent and adoption of such legislation by any other State Section 253 — Legislation for giving effect to international agreements Section 254 — Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament and laws made by the Legislatures of States Section 255 — Requirements as to recommendations and previous sanctions to be regarded as matters of procedure only Section 256 — Obligation of States and the Union Section 257 — Control of the Union over States in certain cases Section 258 — Power of the Union to confer powers, etc., on States in certain cases Section 259 — Armed Forces in States in Part B of the First Schedule Section 260 — Jurisdiction of the Union in relation to territories outside India Section 261 — Public acts, records and judicial proceedings Section 262 — Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-State rivers or river valleys Section 263 — Provisions with respect to an inter-State Council Section 264 — Interpretation Section 265 — Taxes not to be imposed save by authority of law Section 266 — Consolidated Funds and public accounts of India and of the States Section 267 — Contingency Fund Section 268 — Duties levied by the Union but collected and appropriated by the States Section 269 — Taxes levied and collected by the Union but assigned to the States Section 272 — Surcharge on certain duties and taxes for purposes of the Union Section 273 — Taxes which are levied and collected by the Union and may be distributed between the Union and the States Section 274 — Grants in lieu of export duty on jute and jute products Section 275 — Grants from the Union to certain States Section 276 — Taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments Section 277 — Savings Section 279 — Calculation of “net proceeds”, etc Section 280 — Finance Commission Section 281 — Recommendations of the Finance Commission Section 282 — Expenditure defrayable by the Union or a State out of its revenues Section 283 — Custody, etc., of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and moneys credited to the public accounts Section 284 — Custody of suitors' deposits and other moneys received by public servants and courts Section 285 — Exemption of property of the Union from State taxation Section 286 — Restrictions as to imposition of tax on the sale or purchase of goods Section 287 — Exemption from taxes on electricity Section 288 — Exemption from taxation by States in respect of water or electricity in certain cases Section 289 — Exemption of property and income of a State from Union taxation Section 290 — Adjustment in respect of certain expenses and pensions Section 292 — Borrowing by the Government of India Section 293 — Borrowing by States Section 294 — Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in certain cases Section 295 — Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in other cases Section 296 — Property accruing by escheat or lapse or as bona vacantia Section 297 — Things of value within territorial waters or continental shelf and resources of the exclusive economic zone to vest in t Section 298 — Power to carry on trade, etc Section 299 — Contracts Section 300A — Persons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law Section 300 — Suits and proceedings Section 301 — Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse Section 302 — Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse Section 303 — Restrictions on the legislative powers of the Union and of the States with regard to trade and commerce Section 304 — Restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse among States Section 308 — Interpretation Section 309 — Recruitment and conditions of service of persons serving the Union or a State Section 310 — Tenure of office of persons serving the Union or a State Section 311 — Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State Section 312 — All-India services Section 313 — Transitional provisions Section 315 — Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States Section 316 — Appointment and term of office of members Section 317 — Removal and suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission Section 318 — Power to make regulations as to conditions of service of members and staff of the Commission Section 319 — Prohibition as to the holding of offices by members of Commission on ceasing to be such members Section 320 — Functions of Public Service Commissions Section 321 — Power to extend functions of Public Service Commissions Section 322 — Expenses of Public Service Commissions Section 323A — Administrative tribunals Section 323B — Tribunals for other matters Section 324 — Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission Section 325 — No person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of relig Section 326 — Elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assemblies of States to be on the basis of adult suffrage Section 327 — Power of Parliament to make provision with respect to elections to Legislatures Section 328 — Power of Legislature of a State to make provision with respect to elections to such Legislature Section 329 — Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters Section 330 — Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People Section 332 — Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assemblies of the States Section 334 — Reservation of seats and special representation to cease after certain period Section 335 — Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts Section 336 — Special provision for Anglo-Indian community in certain services Section 337 — Special provision with respect to educational grants for the benefit of Anglo-Indian community Section 338 — National Commission for Scheduled Castes Section 339 — Control of the Union over the administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes Section 340 — Appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes Section 341 — Scheduled Castes Section 342 — Scheduled Tribes Section 343 — Official language of the Union Section 344 — Commission and Committee of Parliament on official language Section 345 — Official language or languages of a State Section 346 — Official language for communication between one State and another or between a State and the Union Section 347 — Special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a State Section 348 — Language to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, etc Section 349 — Special procedure for enactment of certain laws relating to language Section 350B — Special Officer for linguistic minorities Section 350 — Language to be used in representations for redress of grievances Section 351 — Directive for development of the Hindi language Section 352 — Proclamation of Emergency Section 353 — Effect of Proclamation of Emergency Section 354 — Application of provisions relating to distribution of revenues while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation Section 355 — Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance Section 356 — Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in States Section 357 — Exercise of legislative powers under Proclamation issued under article 356 Section 358 — Suspension of provisions of article 19 during emergencies Section 359 — Suspension of the enforcement of the rights conferred by Part III during emergencies Section 360 — Provisions as to financial emergency Section 361 — Protection of President and Governors and Rajpramukhs Section 363 — Bar to interference by courts in disputes arising out of certain treaties, agreements, etc Section 364 — Special provisions as to major ports and aerodromes Section 365 — Effect of failure to comply with, or to give effect to, directions given by the Union Section 366 — Definitions Section 368 — Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor Section 369 — Temporary power to Parliament to make laws with respect to certain matters in the State List as if they were matters in Section 371E — Establishment of Central University in Andhra Pradesh Section 372 — Continuance in force of existing laws and their adaptation Section 373 — Power of President to make order in respect of persons under preventive detention in certain cases Section 374 — Provisions as to Judges of the Federal Court and proceedings pending in the Federal Court or before His Majesty in Counc Section 375 — Courts, authorities and officers to continue to function subject to the provisions of the Constitution Section 376 — Provisions as to Judges of High Courts Section 377 — Provisions as to Comptroller and Auditor-General of India Section 378 — Provisions as to Public Service Commissions Section 392 — Power of the President to remove difficulties Section 394 — Commencement Lexace India is a legal-information & technology platform — not a law firm. 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