The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (Draft stage of translated version)

THE BHARA TIY A NY A Y A SANHITA, 2023
NO. 45 OF 2023
[25th December ,2023.]
An Act to consolidate and amend the provisions relating to offences and for
matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
BE it enacted by Parliament in the Seventy-fourth Y ear of the Republic of India as
follows:––
CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY
1.(1) This Act may be called the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.
(2) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may , by notification
in the Official Gazette, appoint, and different dates may be appointed for different provisions
of this Sanhita.
Short title,
commencement
and
application.
vlk/kkj.k
EXTRAORDINARY
Hkkx II — [k.M 1
P ART II — Section 1
izkf/kdkj ls izdkf'kr
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY
lañ 53] ubZ fnYyh] lkseokj] fnlEcj 25] 2023@ ikS"k 4] 1945 ¼'kd½
No. 53] NEW DELHI, MONDAY, DECEMBER 25, 2023/PAUSHA 4, 1945 (SAKA)
bl Hkkx esa fHkUu i`"B la[;k nh tkrh gS ftlls fd ;g vyx ladyu ds :i esa j[kk tk ldsA
Separate paging is given to this Part in order that it may be filed as a separate compilation.
xxxGIDHxxx
xxxGIDExxx
jftLVªh lañ Mhñ ,yñ —(,u)04@0007@2003 —23 REGISTERED NO. DL—(N)04/0007/2003—23
MINISTRY OF LA W AND JUSTICE
(Legislative Department)
New Delhi, the25th December ,2023/Pausha4,1945 (Saka)
The following Act of Parliament received the assent of the President on the
25th December, 2023 and is hereby published for general information:—
सी.जी.-डी.एल.-अ.-25122023-250883
CG-DL-E-25122023-250883
ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁ ꯭ꯇꯔꯃ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.—(ꯑꯦꯟ)04/0007/2003—23 REGISTEREDNO.DL—(N)04/0007/2003—23
ꯁꯤ.ꯖꯤ.-ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.-ꯑꯤ.-25122023-250882
CG-DL-E-25122023-250883
ꯑꯦꯛꯁ ꯭ꯇ ꯭ꯔꯥꯔꯗꯤꯅꯔꯤ
EXTRAORDINARY
ꯄꯥꯔꯠII—ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ1
PARTII—Section1
ꯑꯣꯊꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯅꯐꯣꯡꯕ
PUBLISHEDBYAUTHORITY
ꯃ.53]
No.53]
ꯅ ꯌꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤ,ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯀꯥꯕ,ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ25,2023/ꯄꯧꯁꯥ4,1945(ꯁꯀꯥ)
NEWDELHI,MONDAY,DECEMBER25,2023/PAUSHA4,1945(SAKA)
ꯃꯁꯤꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕꯀꯝꯄꯥꯏꯂꯦꯁꯟꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯅꯐꯥꯏꯜꯇꯧꯕꯌꯥꯅꯕꯁꯔꯨꯛꯑꯁꯤꯗꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕꯄꯦꯖꯤꯡꯄꯤ꯫
SeparatepagingisgiventothisPartinorderthatitmaybefiledasaseparatecompilation.
ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯃꯟꯇ ꯭ꯔꯤ
(ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁꯂꯦꯇꯤꯕꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔ ꯭ꯠꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ꯇ)
ꯅ ꯌꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤ,ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ25,2023/ꯄꯧꯁꯥ4,1945(ꯁꯀꯥ)
ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠꯀꯤꯑꯦꯛꯠꯑꯁꯤꯅꯏꯪ2023ꯒꯤꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ25ꯗꯔꯥꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯄꯇꯤꯒꯤꯑꯌꯥꯕꯐꯪꯈꯤ
ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯁꯤꯅꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯐꯣꯡꯏ:-
ꯚꯥꯔꯇꯤꯌꯅ ꯭ꯌꯥꯏꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥ,꯲꯰꯲꯳
ꯏꯪ꯲꯰꯲꯳ꯒꯤꯅꯝꯕꯔ꯴꯵
[ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ꯲꯵,꯲꯰꯲꯳]
ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯁꯤꯡꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯁꯤꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯁꯤꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤ
ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟꯇꯧꯅꯕꯑꯦꯛ ꯭ꯠꯑꯃ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠꯅꯔꯤꯄꯕ ꯭ꯂꯤꯛꯑꯣꯐꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤꯆꯍꯤ74ꯁꯨꯕꯗꯃꯈꯥꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯆꯠꯅꯍꯟꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ:--
ꯆꯞꯇꯔI
ꯄ ꯭ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯃꯤꯅꯔꯤ
꯱.(1)ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯑꯦꯛꯠꯑꯁꯤꯚꯥꯔꯇꯤꯌꯅ ꯭ꯌꯌꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥ,2023ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯀꯧꯕꯌꯥꯏ꯫
(꯲)ꯃꯁꯤꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯭ꯔꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁ ꯭ꯌꯦꯜꯒꯖꯦꯠꯗꯅꯣꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯄꯤꯕꯌꯥꯕꯇꯥꯡꯑꯗꯨꯗꯆꯠꯅꯔꯛꯀꯅꯤ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ
ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕꯆꯠꯅ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯈꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄꯃꯃꯤꯡ,
ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ
ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ
ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯄ꯫.

(3) Every person shall be liable to punishment under this Sanhita and not otherwise for
every act or omission contrary to the provisions thereof, of which he shall be guilty within
India.
(4) Any person liable, by any law for the time being in force in India, to be tried for an
offence committed beyond India shall be dealt with according to the provisions of this
Sanhita for any act committed beyond India in the same manner as if such act had been
committed within India.
(5) The provisions of this Sanhita shall also apply to any offence committed by—
(a) any citizen of India in any place without and beyond India;
(b) any person on any ship or aircraft registered in India wherever it may be;
(c) any person in any place without and beyond India committing offence targeting
a computer resource located in India.
Explanation.—In this section, the word “offence” includes every act committed outside
India which, if committed in India, would be punishable under this Sanhita.
Illustration.
A, who is a citizen of India, commits a murder in any place without and beyond India.
He can be tried and convicted of murder in any place in India in which he may be found.
(6) Nothing in this Sanhita shall affect the provisions of any Act for punishing mutiny
and desertion of officers, soldiers, sailors or airmen in the service of the Government of India
or the provisions of any special or local law.
2.In this Sanhita, unless the context otherwise requires,––
(1) “act” denotes as well a series of acts as a single act;
(2) “animal” means any living creature, other than a human being;
(3) “child” means any person below the age of eighteen years;
(4) “counterfeit”.––A person is said to “counterfeit” who causes one thing to
resemble another thing, intending by means of that resemblance to practise deception,
or knowing it to be likely that deception will thereby be practised.
Explanation 1.—It is not essential to counterfeiting that the imitation should be
exact.
Explanation 2.—When a person causes one thing to resemble another thing,
and the resemblance is such that a person might be deceived thereby, it shall be
presumed, until the contrary is proved, that the person so causing the one thing to
resemble the other thing intended by means of that resemblance to practise deception
or knew it to be likely that deception would thereby be practised;
(5) “Court” means a Judge who is empowered by law to act judicially alone, or a
body of Judges which is empowered by law to act judicially as a body, when such
Judge or body of Judges is acting judicially;
(6) “death” means the death of a human being unless the contrary appears from
the context;
(7) “dishonestly” means doing anything with the intention of causing wrongful
gain to one person or wrongful loss to another person;
(8) “document” means any matter expressed or described upon any substance
by means of letters, figures or marks, or by more than one of those means, and includes
electronic and digital record, intended to be used, or which may be used, as evidence
of that matter.
Explanation 1.—It is immaterial by what means or upon what substance the
letters, figures or marks are formed, or whether the evidence is intended for, or may be
used in a Court or not.
Definitions.
2 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINAR Y [Part II—_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2 THEGAZETTEOFINDIAEXTRAORDINARY [Part II-
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ
ꯇꯥꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡ
(꯳)ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯗꯤꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯃꯔꯥꯜ
ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯧꯕꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯆꯠꯅ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯑꯣꯟꯅ-ꯇꯩꯅꯕꯊꯕꯛꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯇꯧꯗꯕꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯑꯣꯏꯔꯣꯏ꯫
(꯴)ꯃꯇꯝꯈꯔꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇꯆꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ
ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯆꯠꯊꯕꯌꯥꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯁꯤꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ
ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
(꯵)ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯆꯠꯅ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯁꯨꯆꯠꯅꯒꯅꯤ-
(a)ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯅꯠꯇꯕꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤꯃꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇ;
(b)ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁꯇꯔꯇꯧꯔꯕꯖꯍꯥꯖꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯦꯔꯀ ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯭ꯠꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯃꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗ꯫
(c)ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯅꯠꯇꯕꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤꯃꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇꯂꯩꯕꯀꯝꯄ ꯌꯇꯔꯔꯤꯁꯣꯁꯑꯃꯗ
ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯊꯝꯗꯨꯅꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯋꯤ꯫
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ꯫-ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯑꯁꯤꯗ,"ꯑꯣꯐꯥꯏꯟ ꯭ꯁ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯑꯁꯤꯗꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯇꯧꯕꯊꯕꯛꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ,
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯄꯤꯕꯌꯥꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫
ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕAꯅꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤꯃꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯃꯤꯍꯥꯠꯋꯤ꯫ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ
ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤꯃꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨꯍꯥꯠꯄꯒꯤꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯆꯠꯊꯕꯌꯥꯏꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯌꯥꯏ꯫
(꯶) ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯑꯃꯠꯇꯑꯁꯤꯅꯚꯥꯔꯠꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤꯊꯕꯛꯇꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ,ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ,
ꯁꯦꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯦꯌꯔꯃꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨꯂꯥꯟꯍꯧꯍꯟꯕꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯗꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯐꯝꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯑꯥꯏꯟ
ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯄꯤꯅꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯑꯀꯥꯏꯕꯄꯤꯔꯣꯏ꯫
꯲.ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯗ,ꯐꯤꯚꯝꯑꯁꯤꯅꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯃꯊꯧꯇꯥꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ,--
(꯱)"ꯑꯦꯛꯠ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯑꯦꯛꯠꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛꯑꯣꯏꯅꯑꯦꯛꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯄꯔꯤꯡꯑꯃꯥꯁꯨꯇꯥꯛꯏ;
(꯲)"ꯁꯥ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯑꯃꯅꯠꯇꯕꯖꯤꯕꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯅꯤ;
(꯳)"ꯑꯉꯥꯡ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯆꯍꯤꯇꯔꯥꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯅꯤ;
(꯴)"ꯀꯥꯎꯅꯇꯔꯐꯤꯇ"꯫--ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯥꯕꯨ"ꯀꯥꯎꯅꯇꯔꯐꯤꯇ"ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯀꯧꯋꯤ,ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯄꯣꯠꯑꯃꯥꯕꯨꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯄꯣꯠꯑꯃꯒ
ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ,ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯑꯁꯤꯅꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯅꯕꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯊꯝꯃꯤ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯁꯤꯅꯃꯔꯝꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ
ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯕꯈꯪꯏ꯫
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ꯱-ꯃꯇꯧꯇꯝꯕꯑꯗꯨꯆꯞꯆꯥꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟꯇꯧꯕꯃꯊꯧꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ꯲-ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯄꯣꯠꯑꯃꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯄꯣꯠꯑꯃꯒꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ
ꯑꯁꯤꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯗꯅꯝꯊꯥꯛꯇꯩꯔꯛꯄꯌꯥꯍ,ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯑꯣꯟꯅ-ꯇꯩꯅꯕꯗꯄ ꯭ꯔꯃꯥꯟꯇꯧꯗ ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕ,ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯄꯣꯠꯑꯃꯑꯗꯨ
ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯄꯣꯠꯑꯃꯒꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯑꯁꯤꯅꯃꯗꯨꯒꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯣꯏꯅꯇꯧꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯁꯤꯅꯃꯔꯝꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯅꯝꯊꯥꯛ
ꯇꯧꯕꯑꯁꯤꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄꯌꯥꯏꯍꯥꯏꯅꯈꯡꯕꯑꯁꯤꯅꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯄꯣꯠꯑꯗꯨꯒꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤꯍꯥꯏꯅꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
(꯵)"ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯖꯨꯗꯤꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜꯑꯣꯏꯅꯑꯃꯠꯇꯑꯣꯏꯅꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯅꯕꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕꯖꯖꯑꯃ
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯖꯨꯗꯤꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜꯑꯣꯏꯅꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯅꯕꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕꯖꯖꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯑꯃ,ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯖꯖꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯖꯖꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯑꯗꯨꯅꯖꯨꯗꯤꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜꯑꯣꯏꯅꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ꯫
(꯶)"ꯁꯤꯕ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯐꯤꯚꯝꯑꯗꯨꯅꯑꯣꯟꯅ-ꯇꯩꯅꯕꯑꯗꯨꯎꯕꯐꯪꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯁꯤꯕꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ꯫
(꯷)"ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯗꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯄꯤꯅꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯗ
ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ-ꯇꯥꯛꯍꯟꯕꯒꯤꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯑꯃꯇꯧꯕꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ꯫
(꯸)"ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ꯇ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯋꯥꯍꯩ,ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯥꯔꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤꯍꯦꯟꯅ
ꯑꯃꯅꯄꯣꯠꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯤ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ
ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯄꯣꯠꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯈꯨꯗꯝꯑꯣꯏꯅꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯌꯥꯕꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ ꯭ꯗꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ꯫
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ꯱-ꯋꯥꯍꯩ,ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯈꯨꯗꯝꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤꯀꯔꯝꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯀꯔꯝꯕꯃꯆꯥꯛꯀꯤꯃꯈꯥꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ,
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯄ ꯭ꯔꯃꯥꯟꯑꯗꯨꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯑꯃꯗꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗ ꯭ꯔꯥꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗ ꯭ꯔꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯗꯤꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫
Illustrations.
(a) A writing expressing the terms of a contract, which may be used as evidence
of the contract, is a document.
(b) A cheque upon a banker is a document.
(c) A power-of-attorney is a document.
(d) A map or plan which is intended to be used or which may be used as evidence,
is a document.
(e) A writing containing directions or instructions is a document.
Explanation 2.—Whatever is expressed by means of letters, figures or marks as
explained by mercantile or other usage, shall be deemed to be expressed by such
letters, figures or marks within the meaning of this section, although the same may not
be actually expressed.
Illustration.
A writes his name on the back of a bill of exchange payable to his order. The
meaning of the endorsement, as explained by mercantile usage, is that the bill is to be
paid to the holder. The endorsement is a document, and shall be construed in the same
manner as if the words “pay to the holder” or words to that effect had been written
over the signature;
(9) “fraudulently” means doing anything with the intention to defraud but not
otherwise;
(10) “gender”.—The pronoun “he” and its derivatives are used of any person,
whether male, female or transgender.
Explanation.–– “transgender” shall have the meaning assigned to it in clause (k)
of section 2 of the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019;
(11) “good faith”.—Nothing is said to be done or believed in “good faith” which
is done or believed without due care and attention;
(12) “Government” means the Central Government or a State Government;
(13) “harbour” includes supplying a person with shelter, food, drink, money,
clothes, arms, ammunition or means of conveyance, or the assisting a person by any
means, whether of the same kind as those enumerated in this clause or not, to evade
apprehension;
(14) “injury” means any harm whatever illegally caused to any person, in body,
mind, reputation or property;
(15) “illegal” and “legally bound to do”.—The word “illegal” is applicable to
everything which is an offence or which is prohibited by law, or which furnishes
ground for a civil action; and a person is said to be “legally bound to do” whatever it
is illegal in him to omit;
(16) “Judge” means a person who is officially designated as a Judge and includes
a person,––
(i) who is empowered by law to give, in any legal proceeding, civil or
criminal, a definitive judgment, or a judgment which, if not appealed against,
would be definitive, or a judgment which, if confirmed by some other authority,
would be definitive; or
(ii) who is one of a body or persons, which body of persons is empowered
by law to give such a judgment.
40 of 2019.
Sec. 1] THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINAR Y 3_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sec. 1] THEGAZETTEOFINDIAEXTRAORDINARY 3
2000ꯒꯤ40꯫
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡ꯫
(a)ꯀꯟꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯑꯃꯒꯤꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯑꯏꯕꯑꯃ,ꯃꯁꯤꯀꯟꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯄ ꯭ꯔꯃꯥꯟꯑꯣꯏꯅꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯌꯥꯏ,ꯃꯁꯤ
ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
(b)ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯑꯃꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯆꯦꯛꯑꯁꯤꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
(c)ꯄꯋꯔ-ꯑꯣꯐ-ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯔꯅꯤꯑꯁꯤꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
(d)ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯄ ꯭ꯔꯃꯥꯟꯑꯣꯏꯅꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯌꯥꯕꯃꯦꯞꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯑꯁꯤꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
(e)ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡ-ꯂꯝꯇꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡ-ꯂꯝꯇꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯌꯥꯎꯕꯑꯏꯕꯑꯁꯤꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ꯲-ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛꯇꯧꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕꯆꯤꯊꯤꯁꯤꯡ,ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯈꯨꯗꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ,ꯆꯞꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯑꯁꯤꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯑꯣꯏꯅꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯌꯥꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ,ꯁꯔꯨꯛ
ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯑꯔꯊꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯆꯤꯊꯤꯁꯤꯡ,ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯈꯨꯗꯝꯁꯤꯡꯅꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯑꯣꯏꯅꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫
Aꯅꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯑꯗꯨꯗꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯁꯦꯜꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤꯁꯦꯜꯑꯃꯒꯤꯃꯊꯛꯊꯪꯕꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯃꯃꯤꯡꯏ꯫ꯂꯂꯣꯟꯕꯗ
ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤꯑꯔꯊꯗꯤꯁꯦꯜꯑꯗꯨꯃꯄꯨꯑꯗꯨꯗꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕꯑꯁꯤꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯅꯤ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ"ꯃꯄꯨꯑꯗꯨꯗꯁꯦꯜꯄꯤꯌꯨ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯗꯨꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯨꯠꯌꯦꯛꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯊꯛꯇꯏꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯆꯞꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ;
(꯹)"ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯇꯧꯅꯕꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯑꯃꯇꯧꯕꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ
ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ꯫
(꯱꯰) "ꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ"꯫-ꯄ ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯎꯟ"ꯍꯤ"ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯤꯔꯥꯏꯕꯦꯇꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤꯅꯨꯄꯥ,ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯇ ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ
ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ--"ꯇ ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯇ ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯖꯦꯟꯗꯔꯄꯔꯁꯟꯁ(ꯄ ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯁꯟꯑꯣꯐꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯭ꯁ)ꯑꯦꯛꯠ,2019ꯒꯤ
ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ2ꯒꯤꯀ ꯭ꯂꯣꯖ(ꯀ)ꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯑꯔꯊꯑꯗꯨꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ;
(꯱꯱)"ꯑꯐꯕꯊꯥꯖꯕ"꯫-ꯃꯇꯤꯛꯆꯥꯕꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯇꯧꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯥꯖꯕ"ꯑꯐꯕꯊꯥꯖꯕ"
ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯑꯃꯠꯇꯇꯧꯗꯦꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯥꯖꯗꯦꯍꯥꯏꯅꯍꯥꯏ꯫
(꯱꯲)"ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯭ꯔꯒꯤꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯔꯥꯖ꯭ꯌꯒꯤꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ꯫
(꯱꯳)"ꯍꯣꯔꯕꯔ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯥꯗꯂꯩꯐꯝ,ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ,ꯊꯛꯅꯅꯕ,ꯁꯦꯜ,ꯐꯤꯔꯣꯜ,ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡ,ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛ
ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯟꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡꯄꯤꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯀ ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯑꯁꯤꯗꯄꯟꯈ ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯑꯗꯨꯒꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯃꯈꯜꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯁꯨ,ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯗꯒꯤꯅꯥꯟꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯥꯗꯃꯇꯦꯡꯄꯥꯡꯕꯑꯁꯤꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ꯫
(꯱꯴)"ꯁꯣꯛꯄ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗ,ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡ,ꯋꯥꯈꯜ,ꯃꯤꯡꯆꯠꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝꯗꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯗꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ
ꯁꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯕꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ꯫
(꯱꯵)"ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯗꯕ"ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ"ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯇꯧꯕꯌꯥꯕ"꯫-"ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯗꯕ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯑꯁꯤꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯊꯤꯡꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝꯁꯦꯝꯂꯤꯕꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯆꯠꯅꯩ;ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ
ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯗꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ"ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯇꯧꯕꯃꯊꯧꯇꯥꯏ"ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯍꯥꯏ꯫
(꯱꯶)"ꯖꯖ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁ ꯭ꯌꯦꯜꯑꯣꯏꯅꯖꯖꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯅꯈꯟꯒꯠꯂꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯥꯅꯤꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯁꯤꯗꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯥꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ,--
(i)ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗ,ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯀ ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗ,ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯑꯃ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯑꯃ,ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇꯍꯥꯏꯖꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯑꯃ,ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ
ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯂꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ;ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
(ii)ꯂꯨꯞꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯒꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯀꯔꯝꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯒꯤꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯑꯗꯨꯅꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯋꯥꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯑꯃꯄꯤꯅꯕ
ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯁꯛꯇꯤꯄꯤꯒꯦ꯫
Illustration.
A Magistrate exercising jurisdiction in respect of a charge on which he has
power to sentence to fine or imprisonment, with or without appeal, is a Judge;
(17) “life” means the life of a human being, unless the contrary appears from the
context;
(18) “local law” means a law applicable only to a particular part of India;
(19) “man” means male human being of any age;
(20) “month” and “year”.––Wherever the word “month” or the word “year” is
used, it is to be understood that the month or the year is to be reckoned according to
the Gregorian calendar;
(21) “movable property” includes property of every description, except land
and things attached to the earth or permanently fastened to anything which is attached
to the earth;
(22) “number”.—Unless the contrary appears from the context, words importing
the singular number include the plural number, and words importing the plural number
include the singular number;
(23) “oath” includes a solemn affirmation substituted by law for an oath, and
any declaration required or authorised by law to be made before a public servant or to
be used for the purpose of proof, whether in a Court or not;
(24) “offence”.—Except in the Chapters and sections mentioned in
sub-clauses (a) and (b), the word “offence” means a thing made punishable by this
Sanhita, but––
(a) in Chapter III and in the following sections, namely, sub-sections (2),
(3), (4) and (5) of section 8, sections 9, 49, 50, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 119,
120, 123, sub-sections (7) and (8) of section 127, 222, 230, 231, 240, 248, 250,
251, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, sub-sections (6) and (7) of section 308 and
sub-section (2) of section 330, the word “offence” means a thing punishable
under this Sanhita, or under any special law or local law; and
(b) in sub-section (1) of section 189, sections 211, 212, 238, 239, 249, 253
and sub-section (1) of section 329, the word “offence” shall have the same
meaning when the act punishable under the special law or local law is punishable
under such law with imprisonment for a term of six months or more, whether
with or without fine;
(25) “omission” denotes as well as a series of omissions as a single omission;
(26) “person” includes any company or association or body of persons, whether
incorporated or not;
(27) “public” includes any class of the public or any community;
(28) “public servant” means a person falling under any of the descriptions,
namely:—
(a) every commissioned officer in the Army, Navy or Air Force;
(b) every Judge including any person empowered by law to discharge,
whether by himself or as a member of any body of persons, any adjudicatory
functions;
(c) every officer of a Court including a liquidator, receiver or commissioner
whose duty it is, as such officer, to investigate or report on any matter of law or
fact, or to make, authenticate, or keep any document, or to take charge or dispose
4 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINAR Y [Part II—_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4 THEGAZETTEOFINDIAEXTRAORDINARY [Part II-
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯔꯛꯄꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯐꯥꯏꯟꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯀꯩꯁꯨꯝꯁꯪꯗꯊꯝꯕꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤꯍꯛꯂꯩꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯑꯃꯒꯤꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯒꯤ
ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯏꯕꯃꯦꯖꯤꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯠꯑꯃꯅꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣꯏꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏ꯫
(꯱꯷)"ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯒꯤꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ,ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯑꯣꯟꯅ-ꯇꯩꯅꯕꯑꯁꯤꯀꯣꯟꯇꯦꯛꯁꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤꯎꯕꯐꯪꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ;
(꯱꯸)"ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜꯂꯣ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯃꯐꯝꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯆꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯑꯃꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ꯫
(꯱꯹)"ꯅꯨꯄꯥ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯆꯍꯤꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯅꯨꯄꯥꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ;
(꯲꯰)"ꯊꯥ"ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ"ꯆꯍꯤ"꯫--"ꯊꯥ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ"ꯆꯍꯤ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯑꯁꯤꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯃꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗ,ꯊꯥꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯆꯍꯤꯑꯁꯤꯒ ꯭ꯔꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯌꯟꯀꯦꯂꯦꯟꯗꯔꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯈꯪꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
(꯲꯱)"ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯂꯝꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯀꯁꯝꯅꯕꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯀꯁꯝꯅꯕꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯃꯇꯝ
ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯁꯝꯅꯕꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇꯅ,ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ꯫
(꯲꯲)"ꯃꯁꯤꯡ"-ꯀꯣꯟꯇꯦꯛꯁꯇꯒꯤꯑꯣꯟꯅ-ꯇꯩꯅꯕꯑꯗꯨꯎꯕꯐꯪꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯂꯔꯅꯝꯕꯔꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯗꯄ ꯂꯔꯦꯜ
ꯅꯝꯕꯔꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯄ ꯂꯔꯦꯜꯅꯝꯕꯔꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯂꯔꯅꯝꯕꯔꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ꯫
(꯲꯳)"ꯑꯣꯇ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯁ ꯭ꯋꯔꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕꯁ ꯭ꯋꯔꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯟꯑꯃꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯗ
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯇꯧꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯁꯦꯕꯦꯟꯠꯑꯃꯒꯤꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯄꯤꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯄ ꯔꯞꯀꯤꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤ
ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯃꯊꯧꯇꯥꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕꯁ ꯭ꯋꯔꯃꯦꯟ ꯭ꯇꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ꯫
(꯲꯴)"ꯑꯣꯐꯦꯟ ꯭ꯁ"꯫-ꯁꯕ-ꯀ ꯭ꯂꯣꯖ(a)ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ(b)ꯗꯄꯟꯈ ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯆꯄꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇꯅ,"ꯑꯣꯐꯦꯟ ꯭ꯁ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕ
ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯑꯁꯤꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯅꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯄꯤꯕꯌꯥꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯃꯅꯤ,ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ--
(a)ꯆꯞꯇꯔ3ꯗꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯈꯥꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡ,ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯸ꯒꯤꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ(꯲),(꯳),(꯴)ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ(꯵),
ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯹,꯴꯹,꯵꯰,꯵꯲,꯵꯴,꯵꯵,꯵꯶,꯵꯷,꯵꯸,꯵꯹,꯶꯰,꯶꯱,꯱꯱꯹,꯱꯲꯰,꯱꯲꯳, ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ
꯱꯲꯷,꯲꯲꯲,꯲꯳꯰,꯲꯳꯱,꯲꯴꯰,꯲꯴꯸,꯲꯵꯰,꯲꯵꯱,꯲꯵꯶,꯲꯶꯰,꯲꯶꯱,꯲꯶꯲,꯲꯶꯳,ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯳꯰꯸ꯒꯤꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ(꯶)ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ(꯷)
ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯳꯳꯰ꯒꯤꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ(꯲)ꯗ"ꯑꯣꯐꯦꯟꯁ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯑꯁꯤꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯄꯤꯕꯌꯥꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝ
ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
(b)ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯱꯸꯹ꯒꯤꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ(꯱),ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯲꯱꯱,꯲꯱꯲,꯲꯳꯸,꯲꯳꯹,꯲꯴꯹,꯲꯵꯳ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯳꯲꯹ꯒꯤ
ꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ(꯱)ꯗ,"ꯑꯣꯐꯥꯏꯟ ꯭ꯁ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯑꯁꯤꯁ ꯭ꯄꯦꯁ ꯭ꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜꯂꯣꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯄꯤꯕꯌꯥꯕꯊꯕꯛ
ꯑꯁꯤꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯊꯥ6ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤꯍꯦꯟꯅꯐꯥꯖꯔꯒ,ꯐꯥꯏꯟꯄꯤꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯊꯝꯕꯌꯥꯔꯛꯄ
ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯆꯞꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯑꯔꯊꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫
(꯲꯵)"ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛꯑꯣꯏꯅꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯄꯔꯤꯡꯑꯃꯇꯥꯛꯄꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯇꯥꯛꯏ;
(꯲꯶)"ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯦꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯂꯨꯞꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ,ꯃꯗꯨ
ꯏꯟꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯠꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯁꯨꯌꯥꯏ꯫
(꯲꯷)"ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ"ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯌꯥꯎꯋꯤ꯫
(꯲꯸)"ꯄꯕ ꯭ꯂꯤꯛꯁꯦꯕꯦꯟꯠ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ,ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ:-
(a)ꯑꯥꯔꯃꯤ,ꯅꯦꯚꯤꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯦꯌꯔꯐꯣꯔꯁꯀꯤꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯟꯇꯧꯔꯕꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ;
(b)ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣꯏꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ,ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯌꯥꯎꯅ,ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ
ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯅ,ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇ;
(c) ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ,ꯂꯤꯀ ꯭ꯋꯤꯗꯦꯇꯔ,ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯚꯔꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯅꯔꯌꯥꯎꯅ,ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ
ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯑꯣꯏꯅ,ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟ-ꯍꯨꯝꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔ ꯭ꯠꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ,
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ,ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯝꯕꯒꯤ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯄꯣꯠꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯂꯧꯅꯕ
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯗꯁꯥꯖꯠꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇ
ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯅꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯉꯥꯛꯅꯕ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯑꯃꯅꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯍꯛꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ;
of any property, or to execute any judicial process, or to administer any oath, or
to interpret, or to preserve order in the Court, and every person specially
authorised by a Court to perform any of such duties;
(d) every assessor or member of a panchayat assisting a Court or public
servant;
(e) every arbitrator or other person to whom any cause or matter has been
referred for decision or report by any Court, or by any other competent public
authority;
(f) every person who holds any office by virtue of which he is empowered
to place or keep any person in confinement;
(g) every officer of the Government whose duty it is, as such officer, to
prevent offences, to give information of offences, to bring offenders to justice,
or to protect the public health, safety or convenience;
(h) every officer whose duty it is, as such officer, to take, receive, keep or
expend any property on behalf of the Government, or to make any survey,
assessment or contract on behalf of the Government, or to execute any
revenue-process, or to investigate, or to report, on any matter affecting the
pecuniary interests of the Government, or to make, authenticate or keep any
document relating to the pecuniary interests of the Government, or to prevent
the infraction of any law for the protection of the pecuniary interests of the
Government;
(i) every officer whose duty it is, as such officer, to take, receive, keep or
expend any property, to make any survey or assessment or to levy any rate or tax
for any secular common purpose of any village, town or district, or to make,
authenticate or keep any document for the ascertaining of the rights of the
people of any village, town or district;
(j) every person who holds any office by virtue of which he is empowered
to prepare, publish, maintain or revise an electoral roll or to conduct an election
or part of an election;
(k) every person—
(i) in the service or pay of the Government or remunerated by fees or
commission for the performance of any public duty by the Government;
(ii) in the service or pay of a local authority as defined in clause (31)
of section 3 of the General Clauses Act, 1897, a corporation established by
or under a Central or State Act or a Government company as defined in
clause (45) of section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013.
Explanation.—
(a) persons falling under any of the descriptions made in this clause are
public servants, whether appointed by the Government or not;
(b) every person who is in actual possession of the situation of a public
servant, whatever legal defect there may be in his right to hold that situation is
a public servant;
(c) “election” means an election for the purpose of selecting members of
any legislative, municipal or other public authority, of whatever character, the
method of selection to which is by, or under any law for the time being in force.
Illustration.
A Municipal Commissioner is a public servant;
10 of 1897.
18 of 2013.
Sec. 1] THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINAR Y 5_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sec. 1] THEGAZETTEOFINDIAEXTRAORDINARY 5
1897ꯒꯤ10꯫
2013ꯒꯤ18꯫
(d)ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯗꯃꯇꯦꯡꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯄꯟꯆꯥꯌꯠꯑꯃꯒꯤꯃꯃꯜꯂꯦꯞꯄꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ;
(e)ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯃꯇꯤꯛꯆꯥꯕꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯂꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯋꯥꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔ ꯭ꯠꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯔꯤꯐꯔꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯑꯔꯕꯤꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯔꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ
ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ;
(f)ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯊꯝꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯌꯥꯔꯕꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯄꯥꯏꯔꯤꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ;
(g)ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯑꯣꯏꯅ,ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯁꯤꯡꯊꯤꯡꯕ,ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯏ-ꯄꯥꯎꯄꯤꯕ,ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗ
ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯒꯤꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯗꯄꯨꯔꯛꯄ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯍꯛꯁꯦꯜ,ꯁꯣꯍꯗꯅꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯅꯕꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯕꯑꯁꯤꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ
ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀꯤꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ;
(h)ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯑꯣꯏꯅꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗꯒꯤꯄꯣꯠꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯕ,ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯕ,ꯊꯝꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯆꯥꯗꯤꯡ
ꯇꯧꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗꯒꯤꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ,ꯃꯃꯜꯂꯦꯞꯄꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯌꯥꯅꯆꯦꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯇꯧꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀꯤ
ꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯄꯥꯎꯗꯝꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ
ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕꯆꯦ-ꯆꯥꯡꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯁꯦꯝꯕ,ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕ
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯝꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨꯉꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯑꯥꯏꯟꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯂꯥꯟꯅ
ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯃꯊꯧꯇꯧꯕꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ;
(i)ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯑꯣꯏꯅ,ꯄꯣꯠꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯕ,ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯕ,ꯊꯝꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯆꯥꯗꯤꯡꯇꯧꯕ,ꯁꯔꯕꯦꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯃꯃꯜꯂꯦꯞꯄꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯇꯧꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯈꯨꯡꯒꯪ,ꯁꯍꯔꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯖꯤꯂꯥꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯁꯦꯀ ꯌꯂꯔꯑꯣꯏꯕꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ
ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯃꯃꯜꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯈꯥꯖꯅꯥꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯈꯨꯡꯒꯪ,ꯁꯍꯔꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯖꯤꯂꯥꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ
ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯍꯛꯁꯤꯡꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯁꯦꯝꯕ,ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯝꯕꯑꯁꯤꯃꯊꯧꯑꯣꯏꯕ
ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ;
(j)ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇꯣꯔꯦꯜꯔꯣꯜꯑꯃꯁꯦꯝꯁꯥꯅꯕ,ꯐꯣꯡꯕ,ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯦꯝꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯝꯖꯤꯟꯇꯧꯅꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯃꯤꯈꯜꯑꯃꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯤꯈꯜꯑꯃꯒꯤꯁꯔꯨꯛꯑꯃꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤꯍꯛꯂꯩꯕꯐꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯄꯥꯏꯔꯤꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ;
(k)ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ-
(i) ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯇ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝꯗ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇ
ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯐꯤꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯟꯅꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝ;
(ii)ꯖꯦꯅꯔꯦꯜꯀ ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯁꯑꯦꯛꯠ,1897ꯒꯤꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ3ꯒꯤꯀ ꯭ꯂꯣꯖ(31)ꯗꯄꯟꯈ ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜꯑꯣꯊꯣꯔꯇꯤꯑꯃꯒꯤ
ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯦꯜꯄꯤꯕꯗ,ꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯜꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁ ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯑꯦꯛꯠꯑꯃꯅꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤꯕ
ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟꯑꯃꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤꯁꯑꯦꯛꯠ,2013ꯒꯤꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ2ꯒꯤꯀ ꯭ꯂꯣꯖ(45)ꯗꯄꯟꯈ ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯒꯚꯔꯃꯦꯟꯠ
ꯀꯝꯄꯅꯤꯑꯃ꯫
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ꯫-
(a)ꯀ ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯑꯁꯤꯗꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯃꯔꯣꯜꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅꯈꯟꯒꯠꯂꯕꯁꯨ
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯇꯧꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
(b)ꯄꯕ ꯭ꯂꯤꯛꯁꯔꯕꯦꯟꯠꯑꯃꯒꯤꯐꯤꯚꯝꯑꯁꯤꯍꯛꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯄꯥꯏꯔꯤꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ,ꯐꯤꯚꯝꯑꯗꯨꯂꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ
ꯍꯛꯑꯗꯨꯗꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯑꯋꯥꯠꯄꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨꯄꯕ ꯭ꯂꯤꯛꯁꯦꯕꯦꯟꯠꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
(c)"ꯃꯤꯈꯜ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁ ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯕ,ꯃ ꯌꯅꯤꯁꯤꯄꯥꯜꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯂꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ
ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡꯈꯟꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯃꯤꯈꯜꯑꯃꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ,ꯃꯇꯝꯑꯗꯨꯗꯆꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗ
ꯈꯟꯕꯒꯤꯃꯑꯣꯡꯑꯗꯨꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ꯫
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫
ꯃ ꯌꯅꯤꯁꯤꯄꯥꯜꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯅꯔꯑꯁꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
(29) “reason to believe”.—A person is said to have “reason to believe” a thing,
if he has sufficient cause to believe that thing but not otherwise;
(30) “special law” means a law applicable to a particular subject;
(31) “valuable security” means a document which is, or purports to be, a
document whereby any legal right is created, extended, transferred, restricted,
extinguished or released, or whereby any person acknowledges that he lies under legal
liability, or has not a certain legal right.
Illustration.
A writes his name on the back of a bill of exchange. As the effect of this
endorsement is to transfer the right to the bill to any person who may become the
lawful holder of it, the endorsement is a “valuable security”;
(32) “vessel” means anything made for the conveyance by water of human
beings or of property;
(33) “voluntarily”.—A person is said to cause an effect “voluntarily” when he
causes it by means whereby he intended to cause it, or by means which, at the time of
employing those means, he knew or had reason to believe to be likely to cause it.
Illustration.
A sets fire, by night, to an inhabited house in a large town, for the purpose of
facilitating a robbery and thus causes the death of a person. Here, A may not have
intended to cause death; and may even be sorry that death has been caused by his act;
yet, if he knew that he was likely to cause death, he has caused death voluntarily;
(34) “will” means any testamentary document;
(35) “woman” means a female human being of any age;
(36) “wrongful gain” means gain by unlawful means of property to which the
person gaining is not legally entitled;
(37) “wrongful loss” means the loss by unlawful means of property to which the
person losing it is legally entitled;
(38) “gaining wrongfully” and “losing wrongfully”.—A person is said to gain
wrongfully when such person retains wrongfully, as well as when such person acquires
wrongfully. A person is said to lose wrongfully when such person is wrongfully kept out
of any property, as well as when such person is wrongfully deprived of property; and
(39) words and expressions used but not defined in this Sanhita but defined in
the Information Technology Act, 2000 and the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023
shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them in that Act and Sanhita.
3.(1) Throughout this Sanhita every definition of an offence, every penal provision,
and everyIllustration of every such definition or penal provision, shall be understood
subject to the exceptions contained in the Chapter entitled “General Exceptions”, though
those exceptions are not repeated in such definition, penal provision, orIllustration.
Illustrations.
(a) The sections in this Sanhita, which contain definitions of offences, do not express
that a child under seven years of age cannot commit such offences; but the definitions are to
be understood subject to the general exception which provides that nothing shall be an
offence which is done by a child under seven years of age.
(b) A, a police officer, without warrant, apprehends Z, who has committed murder. Here
A is not guilty of the offence of wrongful confinement; for he was bound by law to apprehend
Z, and therefore the case falls within the general exception which provides that “nothing is
an offence which is done by a person who is bound by law to do it”.
General
explanations.
21 of 2000.
6 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINAR Y [Part II—_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6 THEGAZETTEOFINDIAEXTRAORDINARY [Part II-
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ
(꯲꯹)"ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯒꯤꯃꯔꯝ"꯫-ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯃ"ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯒꯤꯃꯔꯝ"ꯂꯩꯍꯥꯏꯅꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤ,ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯗꯨ
ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯒꯤꯃꯇꯤꯛꯆꯥꯕꯃꯔꯝꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
(꯳꯰)"ꯁ ꯭ꯄꯦꯁ ꯭ꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯍꯤꯔꯝꯑꯃꯗꯆꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯑꯃꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ;
(꯳꯱)"ꯃꯃꯜꯌꯥꯝꯕꯁꯦꯀ ꯌꯔꯤꯇꯤ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯍꯛꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄ,ꯄꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕ,
ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄ,ꯊꯤꯡꯕ,ꯃꯨꯠꯊꯠꯄꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯃꯍꯥꯛꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗ
ꯂꯩ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯍꯛꯑꯃꯠꯇꯂꯩꯇꯦꯍꯥꯏꯕꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕ,ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯣꯏꯅꯕ
ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫
Aꯅꯕꯤꯜꯑꯣꯐꯑꯦꯛꯆꯦꯟꯖꯑꯃꯒꯤꯃꯊꯛꯊꯪꯕꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯃꯃꯤꯡꯏ꯫ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤꯃꯍꯩꯑꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯜ
ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯍꯛꯑꯗꯨꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯔꯕꯃꯄꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯌꯥꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅ,ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯄꯤꯕꯑꯁꯤ"ꯃꯃꯜ
ꯌꯥꯝꯕꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯟꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ"ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
(꯳꯲) "ꯖꯍꯥꯖ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤꯈꯨꯊꯥꯡꯗꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄꯨꯁꯤꯟꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯁꯦꯝꯕ
ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨꯅꯤ꯫
(꯳꯳)"ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯌꯥꯅ"꯫-ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅ"ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯌꯥꯅ"ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯑꯃꯊꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯤꯍꯥꯏꯅꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯃꯁꯤꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯅꯕ
ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗ,ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯈꯪꯈꯤ
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯁꯤꯅꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯌꯥꯏꯍꯥꯏꯅꯊꯥꯖꯕꯒꯤꯃꯔꯝꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫
ꯃꯤꯑꯃꯅꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥꯡ,ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯁꯍꯔꯑꯃꯗꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯂꯩꯕꯌꯨꯝꯑꯃꯗ,ꯂꯨꯠꯇꯧꯕꯗꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯄꯤꯅꯕꯃꯩꯊꯥꯏꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅ
ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯥꯁꯤꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯐꯝꯑꯁꯤꯗ,Aꯅꯁꯤꯕꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯅꯕꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯊꯝꯂꯝꯗꯕꯌꯥꯏ;ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯊꯕꯛꯑꯗꯨꯅꯁꯤꯕ
ꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯅꯑꯋꯥꯕꯐꯥꯎꯕꯌꯥꯏ;ꯑꯗꯨꯝꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ,ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯁꯤꯕꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯌꯥꯏꯍꯥꯏꯅꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯈꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ,
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯇꯧꯒꯦꯍꯥꯅꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯁꯤꯍꯟꯈ ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
(꯳꯴)"ꯋꯤꯜ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯇꯦꯁꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯔꯤꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ;
(꯳꯵)"ꯅꯨꯄꯤ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯆꯍꯤꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯅꯨꯄꯤꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯑꯃꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ;
(꯳꯶)"ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯍꯛꯐꯪꯗꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯗꯕꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕ
ꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝꯒꯤꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ꯫
(꯳꯷)"ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯍꯛꯂꯩꯕ
ꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫
(꯳꯸)"ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯐꯪꯕ"ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ"ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ"꯫-ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕ
ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯊꯝꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯐꯪꯉꯤꯍꯥꯏꯅꯍꯥꯏꯅꯩ,ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕ
ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯂꯧꯔꯛꯄꯃꯇꯝꯗꯁꯨꯅꯤ꯫ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯁꯤꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯒꯤ
ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯍꯥꯏꯅꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤ,ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ
ꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗꯁꯨ;ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ
(꯳꯹)ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤꯕꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯇꯕ,ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯏꯟꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯑꯦꯛꯠ,2000
ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯚꯥꯔꯇꯤꯌꯅꯒꯔꯤꯛꯁꯨꯔꯛꯁꯥꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯗꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯋꯥꯊꯣꯛꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤꯑꯦꯛꯠꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ
ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯗꯃꯈꯣꯏꯗꯃꯊꯪꯁꯤꯠꯅꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯑꯔꯊꯁꯤꯡꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫
꯳.(꯱)ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯤꯟꯕꯊꯨꯡꯅꯃꯔꯥꯜꯑꯃꯒꯤꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ,ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯋꯥꯔꯦꯄꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ,
ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯋꯥꯔꯦꯄꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤꯃꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯄꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯑꯁꯤ"ꯖꯦꯅꯔꯦꯜ
ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯁꯟꯁ"ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯕꯆꯄꯇꯔꯑꯁꯤꯗꯌꯥꯎꯕꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯈꯪꯒꯅꯤ,ꯑꯗꯨꯝꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤꯕ
ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯋꯥꯔꯦꯄ, ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯋꯥꯔꯦꯄꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯏꯂꯁ ꯭ꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟꯗꯑꯃꯨꯛꯍꯟꯅꯇꯧꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ꯫
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡ꯫
(a)ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡꯌꯥꯎꯕꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯁꯔꯨꯛꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯍꯤ7ꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯂꯩꯕꯑꯉꯥꯡꯑꯃꯅ
ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯁꯤꯡꯑꯁꯤꯇꯧꯕꯌꯥꯗꯦꯍꯥꯏꯅꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯗꯦ;ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯆꯍꯤ7ꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯂꯩꯕꯑꯉꯥꯡꯑꯃꯅꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯑꯃ
ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯑꯣꯏꯔꯣꯏꯍꯥꯏꯕꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯃꯔꯣꯜꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫
(b)ꯄꯨꯂꯤꯁꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯔꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕAꯅꯋꯥꯔꯦꯟ ꯭ꯇꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯃꯤꯍꯥꯠꯈꯤꯕZꯄꯨꯐꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯐꯝꯑꯁꯤꯗAꯑꯁꯤꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ
ꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯒꯤꯃꯔꯥꯜꯗꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯇꯦ;ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤꯃꯍꯥꯛꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅZꯐꯥꯕꯗꯂꯦꯞꯈꯤ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯔꯝꯑꯁꯤꯅꯀꯦꯁꯑꯁꯤ
"ꯃꯁꯤꯇꯧꯅꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯂꯦꯞꯂꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯇꯧꯕꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅꯠꯇꯦ"ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕ
ꯊꯕꯛꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯇꯥꯏ꯫
2000ꯒꯤ21꯫
(2) Every expression which is explained in any Part of this Sanhita, is used in every Part
of this Sanhita in conformity with the explanation.
(3) When property is in the possession of a person’s spouse, clerk or servant, on
account of that person, it is in that person’s possession within the meaning of this Sanhita.
Explanation.—A person employed temporarily or on a particular occasion in the capacity
of a clerk or servant, is a clerk or servant within the meaning of this sub-section.
(4) In every Part of this Sanhita, except where a contrary intention appears from the
context, words which refer to acts done extend also to illegal omissions.
(5) When a criminal act is done by several persons in furtherance of the common
intention of all, each of such persons is liable for that act in the same manner as if it were done
by him alone.
(6) Whenever an act, which is criminal only by reason of its being done with a criminal
knowledge or intention, is done by several persons, each of such persons who joins in the
act with such knowledge or intention is liable for the act in the same manner as if the act were
done by him alone with that knowledge or intention.
(7) Wherever the causing of a certain effect, or an attempt to cause that effect, by an
act or by an omission, is an offence, it is to be understood that the causing of that effect
partly by an act and partly by an omission is the same offence.
Illustration.
A intentionally causes Z’s death, partly by illegally omitting to give Z food, and partly
by beating Z. A has committed murder.
(8) When an offence is committed by means of several acts, whoever intentionally
cooperates in the commission of that offence by doing any one of those acts, either singly or
jointly with any other person, commits that offence.
Illustrations.
(a) A and B agree to murder Z by severally and at different times giving him small doses
of poison. A and B administer the poison according to the agreement with intent to murder Z.
Z dies from the effects the several doses of poison so administered to him. Here A and B
intentionally cooperate in the commission of murder and as each of them does an act by
which the death is caused, they are both guilty of the offence though their acts are separate.
(b) A and B are joint jailors, and as such have the charge of Z, a prisoner, alternatively
for six hours at a time. A and B, intending to cause Z’s death, knowingly cooperate in causing
that effect by illegally omitting, each during the time of his attendance, to furnish Z with food
supplied to them for that purpose. Z dies of hunger. Both A and B are guilty of the murder
of Z.
(c) A, a jailor, has the charge of Z, a prisoner. A, intending to cause Z’s death, illegally
omits to supply Z with food; in consequence of which Z is much reduced in strength, but the
starvation is not sufficient to cause his death. A is dismissed from his office, and B succeeds
him. B, without collusion or cooperation with A, illegally omits to supply Z with food,
knowing that he is likely thereby to cause Z’s death. Z dies of hunger. B is guilty of murder,
but, as A did not cooperate with B. A is guilty only of an attempt to commit murder.
(9) Where several persons are engaged or concerned in the commission of a criminal
act, they may be guilty of different offences by means of that act.
Illustration.
A attacks Z under such circumstances of grave provocation that his killing of Z would
be only culpable homicide not amounting to murder. B, having ill-will towards Z and intending
Sec. 1] THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINAR Y 7_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sec. 1] THEGAZETTEOFINDIAEXTRAORDINARY 7
(꯲)ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯁꯔꯨꯛꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄꯋꯥꯍꯩꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯁꯔꯨꯛꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
(꯳)ꯄꯣꯠꯑꯗꯨꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯔꯝꯅꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯒꯤꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕꯤ,ꯀ ꯭ꯂꯔꯀꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯂꯩꯕ
ꯃꯇꯝꯗ,ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯑꯔꯊꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯂꯩ꯫
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ-ꯃꯇꯝꯈꯔꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯊꯧꯔꯝꯑꯃꯗꯀ ꯭ꯂꯔꯀꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯔꯕꯦꯟꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯅꯊꯕꯛ
ꯇꯧꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅ,ꯁꯕ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯑꯔꯊꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯀ ꯭ꯂꯔꯀꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯔꯕꯦꯟꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏ꯫
(꯴) ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ, ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯗꯒꯤꯑꯣꯟꯅ-ꯇꯩꯅꯕꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯑꯃꯎꯕꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯅꯠꯇꯅ,ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕ
ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨꯇꯥꯛꯄꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯗꯕꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯏ꯫
(꯵)ꯀ ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜꯑꯦꯛꯠꯑꯃꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯀꯌꯥꯅꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯑꯗꯨꯃꯈꯥꯆꯠꯊꯅꯕꯇꯧꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗ,ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ
ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅꯊꯕꯛꯑꯗꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛꯈꯛꯇꯅꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯆꯞꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
(꯶)ꯀ ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃ,ꯃꯁꯤꯀ ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯈꯡꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯅꯃꯔꯝ
ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ ꯀ ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜꯑꯣꯏꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯀꯌꯥꯅꯇꯧꯔꯛꯄꯃꯇꯝꯗ,ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯈꯡꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ
ꯊꯕꯛꯑꯗꯨꯗꯁꯔꯨꯛꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅꯊꯕꯛꯑꯗꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯈꯛꯇꯅꯈꯡꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ
ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯆꯞꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
(꯷)ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯃꯍꯩꯑꯃꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯅꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯑꯃꯅꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯃꯍꯩꯑꯗꯨꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯅꯕꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ
ꯑꯁꯤꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯃꯍꯩꯑꯗꯨꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯅꯁꯔꯨꯛꯈꯔꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯁꯔꯨꯛꯈꯔꯅꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯑꯃꯅꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕ
ꯑꯁꯤꯆꯞꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯑꯃꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯈꯪꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫
AꯅꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅZꯀꯤꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤꯃꯔꯝꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ,ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯈꯔꯅꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯗꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗZꯐꯨꯗꯄꯤꯕꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯁꯔꯨꯛ
ꯈꯔꯅZꯌꯩꯗꯨꯅ꯫Aꯅꯃꯤꯍꯥꯠꯄꯒꯤꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯈ ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
(꯸)ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯊꯕꯛꯀꯌꯥꯑꯃꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯇꯧꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗ,ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ,ꯑꯃꯠꯇ
ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯄꯨꯟꯅꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯗꯨꯗꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯃꯇꯦꯡꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅ
ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯗꯨꯇꯧꯋꯤ꯫
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡ꯫
(a)AꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡBꯅZꯄꯨꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗꯍꯨꯒꯤꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄꯗꯣꯁꯁꯤꯡꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅꯍꯥꯠꯅꯕ
ꯌꯥꯔꯦ꯫AꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡBꯅZꯄꯨꯍꯥꯠꯅꯕꯒꯤꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯗꯌꯥꯅꯕꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯍꯨꯑꯁꯤꯄꯤ꯫Zꯑꯁꯤꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ
ꯍꯨꯒꯤꯗꯣꯁꯀꯌꯥꯑꯁꯤꯅꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤꯁꯤꯈꯤ꯫ꯃꯐꯝꯑꯁꯤꯗAꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡBꯅꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯃꯤꯍꯥꯠ-ꯃꯤꯍꯥꯠꯇꯧꯕꯗꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯄꯥꯡꯉꯤꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯈꯣꯏꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅꯁꯤꯕꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯊꯕꯛꯑꯃꯇꯧꯕꯅ,ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯅꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡꯑꯗꯨꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ
ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨꯃꯔꯥꯜꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩ꯫
(b)AꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡBꯑꯁꯤꯄꯨꯟꯅꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯗꯊꯝꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯄꯨꯡꯇꯔꯨꯛꯀꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯁꯤꯟꯅꯁꯤꯟꯅꯔꯒ,Zꯀꯧꯕ
ꯐꯥꯗꯣꯛꯑꯃꯒꯤꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯂꯧꯋꯤ꯫AꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡBꯅ,Zꯀꯤꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤꯃꯔꯝꯑꯣꯏꯍꯟꯅꯕꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯊꯝꯂꯗꯨꯅ,ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯁꯔꯨꯛꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯇꯝ
ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ,ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇZꯇꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯑꯗꯨꯃꯈꯣꯅꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯗꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯍ꯫Zꯑꯁꯤꯆꯡꯖꯗꯕꯅꯁꯤꯏ꯫A
ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡBꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯅZꯄꯨꯍꯥꯠꯄꯒꯤꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩ꯫
(c)ꯖꯦꯜꯂꯔꯑꯃꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕAꯅ,Zꯀꯧꯕꯐꯥꯗꯣꯛꯑꯃꯒꯤꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯂꯧꯋꯤ꯫Aꯅ,Zꯁꯤꯍꯟꯅꯕꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝꯊꯝꯂꯗꯨꯅ,ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯗꯕ
ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗZꯇꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯄꯤꯋꯤꯗꯦ;ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯃꯍꯩꯑꯣꯏꯅZꯀꯤꯃꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜꯌꯥꯝꯅꯍꯟꯊꯩ,ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯆꯔꯥꯍꯦꯟꯕꯑꯁꯤꯅꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨꯁꯤꯍꯟꯕꯗ
ꯃꯇꯤꯛꯆꯥꯗꯦ꯫Aꯑꯁꯤꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯊꯕꯛꯇꯒꯤꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯏ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡBꯅꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯃꯍꯨꯠꯁꯤꯟꯂꯤ꯫B,Aꯒꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯃꯇꯦꯡꯄꯥꯡꯗꯅ,ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯃꯁꯤꯅZꯀꯤꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤꯃꯔꯝꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯄꯌꯥꯏꯍꯥꯏꯕꯈꯪꯂꯗꯨꯅ,ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅꯌꯥꯗꯕꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗZꯇꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯄꯤꯕ
ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯏ꯫Zꯑꯁꯤꯆꯥꯔꯍꯦꯟꯕꯗꯒꯤꯁꯤ꯫Bꯑꯁꯤꯃꯤꯍꯥꯠꯄꯒꯤꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩ,ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ,AꯅꯥBꯗꯃꯇꯦꯡꯄꯥꯡꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫Aꯑꯁꯤꯍꯥꯠꯅꯕꯇꯧꯅꯕ
ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯗꯈꯛꯇꯒꯤꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩ꯫
(꯹)ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯀꯌꯥꯑꯃꯅꯀ ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜꯑꯦꯛ ꯭ꯇꯑꯃꯥꯇꯧꯕꯗꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕꯃꯇꯝꯗ,ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯅꯑꯦꯛ ꯭ꯠꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ
ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯏꯂꯨꯁꯇ ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫
AꯅZꯄꯨꯍꯥꯠꯄꯑꯁꯤꯍꯥꯠꯅꯕꯇꯧꯕꯒꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯍꯥꯠꯅꯕꯈꯛꯇꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯅꯌꯥꯝꯅꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯏꯊꯤꯜꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤꯐꯤꯚꯝꯗ
Zꯄꯨꯂꯥꯟꯗꯥꯕꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫B,Zꯀꯤꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯐꯠꯇꯕꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯂꯩꯕꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨꯍꯥꯠꯅꯕꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯂꯩꯕ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯏꯊꯤꯜꯄꯤꯗꯕꯅ,
AꯕꯨZꯍꯥꯠꯄꯗꯃꯇꯦꯡꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ꯃꯐꯝꯑꯁꯤꯗ,AꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡBꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯅZꯁꯤꯍꯟꯕꯗꯁꯔꯨꯛꯌꯥꯔꯕꯁꯨ,Bꯑꯁꯤꯃꯤꯍꯥꯠꯄꯒꯤꯃꯔꯥꯜ
ꯂꯩ,ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡAꯑꯁꯤꯃꯤꯍꯥꯠꯄꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯧꯕꯈꯛꯇꯒꯤꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩ꯫
to kill him, and not having been subject to the provocation, assists A in killing Z. Here,
though A and B are both engaged in causing Z’s death, B is guilty of murder, and A is guilty
only of culpable homicide.
CHAPTER II
O
F PUNISHMENTS
4.The punishments to which offenders are liable under the provisions of this Sanhita
are—
(a) Death;
(b) Imprisonment for life;
(c) Imprisonment, which is of two descriptions, namely:—
(1) Rigorous, that is, with hard labour;
(2) Simple;
(d) Forfeiture of property;
(e) Fine;
(f) Community Service.
5.The appropriate Government may, without the consent of the offender, commute
any punishment under this Sanhita to any other punishment in accordance with section 474
of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023.
Explanation.––For the purposes of this section the expression “appropriate
Government” means,––
(a) in cases where the sentence is a sentence of death or is for an offence
against any law relating to a matter to which the executive power of the Union extends,
the Central Government; and
(b) in cases where the sentence (whether of death or not) is for an offence
against any law relating to a matter to which the executive power of the State extends,
the Government of the State within which the offender is sentenced.
6.In calculating fractions of terms of punishment, imprisonment for life shall be
reckoned as equivalent to imprisonment for twenty years unless otherwise provided.
7.In every case in which an offender is punishable with imprisonment which may be
of either description, it shall be competent to the Court which sentences such offender to
direct in the sentence that such imprisonment shall be wholly rigorous, or that such
imprisonment shall be wholly simple, or that any part of such imprisonment shall be rigorous
and the rest simple.
8.(1) Where no sum is expressed to which a fine may extend, the amount of fine to
which the offender is liable is unlimited, but shall not be excessive.
(2) In every case of an offence––
(a) punishable with imprisonment as well as fine, in which the offender is
sentenced to a fine, whether with or without imprisonment;
(b) punishable with imprisonment or fine, or with fine only, in which the offender
is sentenced to a fine,
it shall be competent to the Court which sentences such offender to direct by the sentence
that, in default of payment of the fine, the offender shall suffer imprisonment for a certain
term, in which imprisonment shall be in excess of any other imprisonment to which he may
have been sentenced or to which he may be liable under a commutation of a sentence.
Punishments.
Commutation
of sentence.
Fractions of
terms of
punishment.
Sentence may
be (in certain
cases of
imprisonment)
wholly or
partly rigorous
or simple.
Amount of
fine, liability
in default of
payment of
fine, etc.
8 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINAR Y [Part II—_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8 THEGAZETTEOFINDIAEXTRAORDINARY [Part II-
ꯆꯩꯔꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯒꯤꯆꯥꯡ
ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄ꯫
ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯒꯤ
ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ
ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯋꯥꯀꯠꯄꯑꯁꯤ
ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯈꯔꯀꯟꯅ
ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯆꯝꯕ
ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯌꯥꯏ
(ꯀꯩꯁꯨꯝꯁꯪꯗꯊꯝꯕꯒꯤ
ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ
ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗ)꯫
ꯐꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝ,
ꯐꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝ
ꯄꯤꯗꯕꯒꯤ
ꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ꯫
ꯆꯦꯞꯇꯔII
ꯆꯩꯔꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ
꯴.ꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯆꯠꯅ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯃꯤꯑꯣꯠ-ꯃꯤꯅꯩꯇꯧꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ-
(a)ꯁꯤꯕ;
(b)ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯀꯩꯁꯨꯝꯁꯪꯗꯊꯝꯕ;
(c)ꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯃꯈꯜꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯏ,ꯃꯤꯡꯑꯣꯏꯅ:-
(꯱)ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯀꯟꯅ,ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯀꯟꯅꯊꯕꯛꯇꯧꯕ;
(꯲)ꯑꯆꯝꯕ;
(d)ꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝꯃꯠꯄ;
(ꯏ)ꯐꯥꯏꯟ;
(f)ꯀꯝꯃ ꯌꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁ꯫
꯵.ꯃꯇꯤꯛꯆꯥꯕꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅ,ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯑꯌꯥꯕꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅ,ꯚꯥꯔꯇꯤꯌꯅꯒꯔꯤꯛꯁꯨꯔꯛꯁꯥꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥ,꯲꯰꯲꯳ꯒꯤ
ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯴꯷꯴ꯒꯤꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯁꯟꯍꯤꯇꯥꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯂꯩꯕꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯑꯃꯠꯇꯕꯨꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯌꯥꯏ
꯫
ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯇꯥꯛꯄ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯃꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ"ꯃꯇꯤꯛꯆꯥꯕꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ"ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯋꯥꯍꯩꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯤ,--
(a)ꯆꯩꯔꯥꯛꯑꯁꯤꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤꯆꯩꯔꯥꯛꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟꯒꯤꯑꯦꯛꯖꯤꯀ ꯌꯇꯤꯕꯄꯥꯚꯔꯅꯄꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝ
ꯑꯃꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇꯂꯩꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯀꯦꯟꯗ ꯭ꯔꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔ;ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ
(b) ꯆꯩꯔꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ (ꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯁꯨ) ꯔꯥꯖ꯭ꯌ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯅ
ꯄꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯋꯥꯐꯝꯑꯃꯒꯃꯔꯤꯂꯩꯅꯕꯑꯥꯏꯟꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇꯇꯧꯕꯃꯔꯥꯜꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ,
ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯆꯩꯔꯥꯛꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥꯖ꯭ꯌꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯁꯔꯀꯥꯔꯅꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
꯶. ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯣꯜꯒꯤꯁꯔꯨꯛꯁꯤꯡꯄꯥꯕꯗ,ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯑꯁꯤꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ
ꯄꯤꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤꯆꯍꯤꯀꯨꯟꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯒꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩꯍꯥꯏꯅꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫
꯷.ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯃꯅꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯃꯔꯣꯜꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯌꯥꯕꯀꯩꯁꯨꯝꯁꯪꯗꯊꯝꯕꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤꯆꯩꯔꯥꯛꯄꯤꯕꯀꯦꯁ
ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ,ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯀꯩꯁꯨꯝꯁꯪꯗꯊꯝꯕꯑꯁꯤꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯀꯟꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯀꯩꯁꯨꯝꯁꯪꯗꯊꯝꯕꯑꯁꯤ
ꯆꯝꯅꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ,ꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯀꯩꯁꯨꯝꯁꯪꯊꯝꯕꯁꯔꯨꯛꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯀꯟꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯗꯨꯑꯆꯝꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤꯍꯥꯏꯅꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯁꯪꯑꯁꯤꯅꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯄꯤꯕꯗꯃꯇꯤꯛꯆꯥꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫
꯸.(꯱)ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯟꯄꯤꯕꯌꯥꯕꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝꯑꯃꯠꯇꯎꯠꯄꯉꯝꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯐꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤꯁꯦꯟꯐꯝ
ꯑꯗꯨꯉꯝꯈꯩꯂꯩꯇꯦ,ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯌꯥꯝꯅꯋꯥꯡꯕꯑꯣꯏꯔꯣꯏ꯫
(꯲)ꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ--
(a)ꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯒꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯐꯥꯏꯟꯅꯄꯤꯕꯌꯥꯕ,ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒ
ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯄꯤꯕꯐꯥꯏꯟꯅꯄꯤꯕꯌꯥꯏ꯫
(b)ꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯐꯥꯏꯟꯄꯤꯕꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯐꯥꯏꯟꯄꯤꯕꯈꯛꯇꯅꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜꯄꯤꯕꯌꯥꯕ,ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯃꯔꯥꯜꯂꯩꯕ
ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯐꯥꯏꯟꯄꯤꯕꯌꯥꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯐꯥꯏꯟꯄꯤꯕꯉꯝꯗ ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯑꯗꯨꯅꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯃꯇꯝ
ꯈꯔꯒꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯌꯥꯒꯅꯤ,ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯑꯁꯤꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯊꯝꯕꯌꯥꯕꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟꯐꯝ
ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯒꯤꯍꯦꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤꯅꯠꯇ ꯭ꯔꯒꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯁꯦꯟꯗꯣꯟꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤꯃꯈꯥꯗꯊꯤꯕꯌꯥꯕꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫
(3) The term for which the Court directs the offender to be imprisoned in default of
payment of a fine shall not exceed one-fourth of the term of imprisonment which is the
maximum fixed for the offence,

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