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T.N. GODAVARMAN THIRUMULPAD versus UNION OF INDIA & ORS.

Citation: [2025] 8 S.C.R. 2389 · Decided: 25-08-2025 · Supreme Court of India · Bench: AUGUSTINE GEORGE MASIH · Disposal: Disposed off

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Judgment (excerpt)

[2025] 8 S.C.R. 2389 : 2025 INSC 1054
In Re: Zudpi Jungle Lands
(I.A. No. 191387 of 2025 
In  
I.A. No. 12465 of 2019 
In 
Writ Petition (C) No. 202 of 1995)
In Re: T.N. Godavarman Thirumulpad 
v. 
Union of India & Ors.
25 August 2025
[B.R. Gavai, CJI and Augustine George Masih, J.]
Issue for Consideration
Issue arose with regards to application filed by State of Maharashtra 
seeking modifications in the directions issued by this Court in 
the judgment and order dated 22nd May 2025 as regards Zudpi 
Jungle Lands.
Headnotes†
Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers 
(Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 – s.3(2) – Directions 
by the Supreme Court in the judgment and order dated 22nd 
May 2025 as regards Zudpi Jungle Lands – Modifications 
sought by State of Maharashtra:
Held: With respect to the direction in para 138(vii) of the judgment 
and order dated 22nd May 2025, all such fragmented land parcels 
shall be declared as protected forest – If the State desires to use 
the said land for any of the purposes mentioned u/s.3(2), the 
same can be done only after following the procedure prescribed 
therein and subject to fulfillment of the conditions specified 
therein – As regards the prayer clause (i)(b), a perusal of the main 
judgment would reveal that one of the main reasons why there 
was inclination to grant a one-time exemption was that over the 
years and on account of apathy of revenue officials, the necessary 
revenue entries could not be made – For a long period of time, 
the land under consideration has been used for the purpose of 
agriculture, kuccha houses, pakka houses, slums, Govt. employees 
colonies, Govt. or Z.P. Schools, private schools and other public 
2390
[2025] 8 S.C.R.
Supreme Court Reports
utilities – Central Empowered Committee in its report itself had 
recommended the protection of such structures to the extent of 
10,365.049 hectares – Thus, the said prayer is allowed, and a 
necessary paragraph is added in the Judgment and order dated 
22nd May 2025. [Paras 5-9]
List of Acts
Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition 
of Forest Rights) Act, 2006. 
List of Keywords
Modifications; Fragmented land parcels; Central Empowered 
Committee.
Case Arising From
ORIGINAL JURISDICTION: Under Article 32 of The Constitution 
of India
I.A. No. 191387 of 2025 
In 
I.A. No. 12465 of 2019 
In 
W.P.(C) No. 202 of 1995
Appearances for Parties
Harish N. Salve, A.D.N. Rao, Ms. Aparajita Singh, K. Parameshwar, 
Sr. Advs./A.Cs., Siddhartha Chowdhury, A.C., M.V. Mukunda, 
Ms. Kanti, Shreenivas Patil, Veda Singh, Prasad.
Advs. for the Petitioner:
Siddharth Dharmadhikari, Aaditya Aniruddha Pande, Shrirang 
B. Varma, Bharat Bagla, Sourav Singh, Aditya Krishna, Adarsh 
Dubey, Ms. Chitransha Singh Sikarwar, Vijay S. Khamkar, Nishant 
R. Katneshwarkar.
Advs. for the Respondents:
Mrs. Aishwarya Bhati, K. M. Nataraj, A.S.Gs., Ms. Madhavi Diwan, 
Ms. Ruchi Kohli, Sr.Advs., Ms. Srishti Agnihotri, Ms. Aishani 
Narain, Atharva Kotwal, D.P. Singh, Ms. Tara Elizabeth Kurian, 
Ms. Anchal Kanthed, Gurmeet Singh Makker, Ms. Suhasini Sen, 
[2025] 8 S.C.R. 
2391
In Re: Zudpi Jungle Lands
Raghav Sharma, Gaurang Bhushan, Baij Nath Patel, Harish 
Pandey, Ms. Indira Bhakar, Anuj Srinivas Udupa, Krishna Kant 
Dubey, Piyush Beriwal, Neeraj Kumar Sharma, Ms. Mrinal Elker 
Mazumdar, Shashwat Parihar, Mukesh K Verma, Vinayak Sharma, 
Shreekant Neelappa Terdal, Ms. Suhashini Sen, Shyam Gopal, 
Raghav Sharma, Raman Yadav, Dr. N. Visakamurthy.
Judgment / Order of the Supreme Court
Order
1.	
The State of Maharashtra has filed the present application with the 
following prayers:-
“(i) It is most respectfully prayed that the judgment and 
final order dated 22.05.2025 may kindly be modified as 
follows:-
(a) That the Direction in para 138(vii) may kindly 
be modified to the extent that ‘Fragmented Land 
Parcels’ instead of being declared as protected 
forest each having an area of less than 3 hectares 
and not adjoining any forest area may be used for 
the purposes referred to in Section 3(2) in Forests 
Rights Act, 2006 or other public uses required by the 
concerned village, Goathan etc.
(b) That the Direction in para 138(x) may be modified 
to the extent that the encroachments which are in use 
for the purposes of agriculture, kuccha houses, pakka 
houses, slums, govt. employee colonies, govt. or Z.P. 
Schools, private schools to the extent of 10365.049 
hectares may kindly be saved in the manner provid

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