M. GOVINDARAJU versus K. MUNISAMI GOUNDER (D) AND ORS.

Citation: [1996] SUPP. 4 S.C.R. 629 · Decided: 13-08-1996 · Supreme Court of India · Bench: M.M. PUNCHHI, SUJATA V. MANOHAR · Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed

Judgment (excerpt)

M. GOVINDARAJU 
A 
v. 
K. MUNISAMI GOUNDER (D) AND ORS. 
AUGUST 13, 1996 
[M.M. PUNCHHI AND SUJATA v: MANOHAR, JJ.] 
B 
Hi11du Maniage Act, 1955: Secn'o11s 3(a), 13 a11d 16. 
Hi11du Law-'Go1111ders'-Ma11iage-Woma11 walki11g out of her 
husba11d's house a11d started livi11g with a11other perso11, seco11d hus-
C 
ba11~So11 bom out of seco11d maniage-Righ.t of such a so11 to claim 
partitio11 of joillt hi11du family property-Evide11ce suggesti11g that after separa-
tio11 11either wife 11or first husba11d taki11g i11terest i11 each other-Held divorce 
was complete-Neither patemity 11or matemity of so11 bom out of seco11d 
maniage disputed-Held son bom out of second maniage was a legitimate 
offsp1i11g-Held High Court e1md in i/legitimising the son. 
D 
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 209 of 
1996. 
From the Judgment and Order dated 14.2.95 of the Madras High 
Court in A. No. 186 of 1984. 
E 
S. Srinivasan for the Appellant. 
V. Krishnamurthy for the Respondents. 
The following Order of the Court was delivered : 
F 
The appellant, M. Govindaraju, was born to Pappammal from the 
loins of Munisami Gounder. The trial court as well as the High Court have 
neither disputed the paternity nor the maternity of the appellant. He has 
been denied his share in the joint Hindu family property owned by his G 
father on the sole ground that when begotten no valid marriage subsisted 
between his parents. The trial courtwas in his favour though in giving him 
legitimacy, but the High Court branded the appellant as an illegitimate 
child of his parents and, hence, not entitled to claim partition of the joint 
Hindu family property. The said property consists of about 21 acres of 
agricultural land in which the appellant claims l/7th share. 
H 
629 
A 
B 
c 
630 
SUPREME COURT REPORTS (1996) SUPP. 4 S.C.R. 
Evidence was led by the parties on the issue whether M unisami 
Gounder had validly married Pappammal. It was not denied by either side 
that beforehand Pappammal stood married to one Koala Gounder and after 
living with him for a couple of years, had walked out of his house to live 
with Munisami Gounder way,back in the year 1942/1943. The evidence of 
P.W. 2 led by the plaintiff as to the performance of the spoken of marriage 
by rites and rituals, or that efforts were made to have the marriage of 
Pappammal \vith Koala Gounder cancelled, was rejected by the High Court. 
Be that as it may, the fact found remains that Pappammal walked out of her 
husband's house and started living with Munisami Gounder in the year 
1942/1943 and it is as a result of that union that the appellant was born. 
The High Court in illegitimising the appellant, seems to have over-
looked the caste factor which would have a great bearing in order to 
establish the relationship between the parties. They were 'Gounders', neces-
sarily falling in the classification other them Dwijas. Hindu law is clear on 
the subject that if a non-dwija woman is turned out of the house by her 
D husband, or she willfully abandons him and is not pursued to be brought 
back as wife, a Jivorce in fact takes place, sometimes regulated by custom, 
and ther> each spouse is entitled to re-arrange his/her life in marriage with 
other marrying partners. Walking out of Pappammal from the house of her 
first husband I<nola Gounder was irretrievable and irreversible, for it is in 
evidence that neither of them look interest in each other thereafter. The' 
E 
divorce was thus complete. Paternity of the appellant having not been 
denied, he was treated as a son of his father. We would, therefore, think 
that the trial court was right in giving him the status as a son of his father. 
In doing so, the trial court rightly look in aid the fact that in recognition of 
that status, the appellant was given his first cousm in marriage i.e. 
Munisami's sister's daughter. That fact was corroborative of a valid acknow-
F 
ledgment of paternity and legitimacy. If the people, especially the relatives, 
had treated and acknowledged the appellant as the legitimate son of his 
father by foq,~ng a bond of matrimony of the sort aforementioned, it is a 
strong piece of evidence to hold that the appellant was a legitimate offspring 
of his father. The High Court thus clearly fell in error in illegitimising him. 
We reverse that view. 
G 
For the foregoing reasons, we allow this appeal, set aside the im-
pugned order of the High Court and restore that of the trial court, but 
without any order as t

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