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ATUL KUMAR versus THE CHAIRMAN (JOINT SEAT ALLOCATION AUTHORITY) AND OTHERS

Citation: [2024] 10 S.C.R. 150 · Decided: 30-09-2024 · Supreme Court of India · Bench: D.Y. CHANDRACHUD, J.B. PARDIWALA, MANOJ MISRA · Disposal: Disposed off

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Judgment (excerpt)

[2024] 10 S.C.R. 150 : 2024 INSC 749
Atul Kumar 
v. 
The Chairman (Joint Seat Allocation Authority) and Others
(Writ Petition (Civil) No 609 of 2024)
30 September 2024
[Dr Dhananjaya Y Chandrachud, CJI, J B Pardiwala and 
Manoj Misra, JJ.]
Issue for Consideration
Matter pertains to Schedule caste category student who lost his 
admission to IIT since he was late in paying the online admission 
fee of Rs 17,500/- by a few minutes.
Headnotes†
Constitution of India – Art. 142 – Exercise of power under – 
Indian Institute of Technology IIT-Admission – Schedule 
caste category student allotted seat in Electrical Engineering 
course at IIT – Took all steps to comply with all formalities 
pursuant to the allotment to him of a seat for the course, 
however, lost his admission to IIT since he was late in paying 
the online admission fee of Rs 17,500/- by a few minutes – 
Challenge to:
Held: Petitioner logged in as many as on six occasions and 
uploaded the documents, which evidently indicates that he was 
making earnest efforts to log into the portal – No conceivable 
reason why the petitioner would not have done so if he had the 
wherewithal to pay the fees of Rs 17,500 – Talented student like 
the petitioner who belongs to a marginalized group of citizens 
and has done everything to secure admission should not be left 
in the lurch – Power of this Court u/Art.142 to do substantial 
justice is meant precisely to cover such a situation – Petitioner 
to be granted admission to IIT Dhanbad against the seat which 
was allotted to him in the branch of Electrical Engineering  – 
Supernumerary seat to be created for the petitioner, if so 
required. [Paras 6, 7]
List of Acts
Constitution of India.
[2024] 10 S.C.R. 
151
Atul Kumar v. The Chairman  
(Joint Seat Allocation Authority) and Others
List of Keywords
IIT-Admission; Schedule caste category; Electrical Engineering 
course; Made efforts to log into the portal; Lost admission to IIT; 
Late in paying online admission fee by few minutes; Marginalized 
group of citizens; Granted admission to IIT; Supernumerary seat.
Case Arising From
CIVIL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION: Writ Petition (Civil) No. 609 of 2024
(Under Article 32 of The Constitution of India)
Appearances for Parties
Amol Chitale, Sarthak Sharma, Mrs. Pragya Baghel, Advs. for the 
Petitioner.
Sonal Jain, Ms. Kajal Sharma, Arjun Mitra, Advs. for the Respondents.
Judgment / Order of the Supreme Court
Order
1.	
The petitioner is a meritorious student. He belongs to the Scheduled 
Caste category. He appeared for the JEE (Advanced) 2024 Examination 
and secured a rank of 1455 in his category. He was allotted a seat at 
the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad for a four year Bachelor 
of Technology course in Electrical Engineering. This was the second 
attempt and, therefore, the last chance for the petitioner to secure 
admission since only two attempts are permissible.  The petitioner has 
disclosed that his father is a daily wager. The petitioner completed 
his higher secondary education from Khatauli, District Muzaffarnagar, 
Uttar Pradesh. The family income is below the poverty line.
2.	
The time frame for the completion of online reporting, including the 
payment of fees and uploading of documents was till 5 pm on 24 
June 2024. The petitioner has stated that his parents arranged the 
funds required for the payment of fees. The fees were deposited 
in his brother’s account by 4.45 pm. The petitioner states that he 
logged into the portal of the first respondent at 4.45 pm and applied 
in the ‘float category’ of admission and uploaded the documents. The 
portal closed at 5 pm and his payment was not processed. 
3.	
The petitioner thereafter addressed an email to the first respondent. A 
response was received on 26 June 2024 from the IIT Bombay Office 
152
[2024] 10 S.C.R.
Digital Supreme Court Reports
for JEE (Advanced) redirecting the candidate to the organizing IIT, 
which is IIT Madras. Eventually, these attempts did not bear any fruit. 
4.	
The petitioner approached the Jharkhand High Court Legal Aid Service 
Committee and he was directed to the Legal Services Committee 
of the Madras High Court. A writ petition was instituted before the 
High Court of Madras, but when the case came up for hearing, he 
was advised to approach this Court. 
5.	
The facts as they have been revealed before this Court indicate that 
there is no dispute about three critical aspects: (i) the allotment of 
the seat in Electrical Engineering to th

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